Pests
Area of distribution and damage of Delia floralis (Fallen).
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialists I.Ya.Grichanov & E.I.Ovsyannikova, GIS-specialist M.I.Saulich.Date of creation:
12.05.2004.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Map was created based on information taken from open-published literature and maps of scale 1: 33 000 000 - 1:38 000 000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic content:
Vector map consisting of 3 layers. Area and zones of damage are shown by polygons.Accuracy of the classifier:
Within the general area in the Former USSR 2 zones were allocated, i.e., zones of moderate and low damage. In the zone of moderate damage the number of D. floralis larvae exceeds 5-6 individuals per plant on 5-10% populated plants in the phase of whorl formation under favorable weather conditions for oviposition and larvae hatching, and it exceeds 7-8 individuals per plant in the phase of head setting under the same conditions (3-5 times a decade) (Tanskii & Dormidontova, 1980; Tanskii, 1985; Sazonov et al., 1991). In the zone of low damage the pest number periodically (2-3 times a decade) reaches economic threshold in some fields, on average 1-4 larvae per plant on 5-10% populated plants in the phase whorl formation, and 1-6 individuals per plant in the phase of head setting.Procedure of map drawing:
The map was compiled according to results of the analysis of open published materials. Northern border of the pest area in Europe passes through Murmansk and Arkhangelsk Regions and Republic of Komi according to Semenov (1954) and Shapiro (1958); it corresponds to isotherm of the sum of effective temperatures above 10°C (degree days) 500°C (Rubinshtein, 1972) that is necessary for development of complete generation (Stepanova, 1962). Extrapolation of the northern area within the limits of Siberia and the Far East along the isotherm 500°C (Rubinshtein, 1972) corresponds to available literature data on distribution of the species in this territory (Galakhov, 1958; Dzholova, 1965; Semakov, 1964, 1972; Provorotova, 1977; Chukanova, 1980; ElТberg, 1981; Amsheev, 1987). Only Galakhov (1958) reported the species north of this line (from Dudinka). Southern border of the area was drawn according to results of the analysis of the environmental preferendum of the species, i.e., according to data on mass death of individuals of preimaginal stages at relative humidity 50% and lower or at temperature 35°C and higher (Vodinskaya, 1928; Dzholova, 1965). Our analysis of the species distribution in West and Central Europe (Dely-Draskovits, 1993) has shown that the area does not exceed in the south the border of the zone with sufficient wetting and zone with comparatively droughty vegetation period; the border corresponds to isoline 1.0 of hygrothermic criterion (GolТtsberg & VasilТeva, 1972). This border has been extrapolated in the territory of East Europe and Siberia, shifted southward in the Saratov Region (Borisov et al., 1999) and Qostanai Region (Iskakov, 1980); it has also been corrected in Tuva Republic after Kulakova et al., 1969, corresponding to published literature in all other respects. The zone of moderate damage was determined within the limits of coniferous forest zone of the European part and within the limits of forest and forest-steppe zones of the Asian part of the former USSR (Barysheva et al., 1992) according to authors of applied literature (Yakhimovich & Chesnokov, 1934; Shapiro, 1958; Stepanova, 1962, 1975; Semakov, 1972; Chukanova, 1980), adapted to the areas of industrial cultivation of cabbage and vegetable cultures (Lizgunova, 1965; Tochenov et al., 1984). The zone of low damage was adapted to the areas of cabbage that were not included in the zone of moderate damage, coinciding with the area in the south (Yakhimovich & Chesnokov, 1936; Dzholova, 1965; Lizgunova, 1965; Rogochaya, 1974; Iskakov & Kabirova, 1980).Sources of the data:
Amsheev, R.M. 1987. On ecology of cabbage flies in Buryatian ASSR. In: Skarlato, O.A., ed. Diptera and their significance in agriculture. Leningrad, p. 4-7 (in Russian).Barysheva, Yu.A., Bruk, S.I., Dmitriev, A.V. et al. 1992. Zones of vegetation types. In: Geographical atlas of the USSR. Moscow: Com. Geodesy and Cartography of the USSR, p.6 (in Russian).
Borisov, S.Yu., Bystrova, E.V., & Khodkevich, L.I., Sidorova V.F., Baranova L.B. 1999. Review of distribution of pests and diseases of agricultural crops in 1999 and forecast of their occurrence in the Saratov Region in 2000. Saratov: STAZR, 51 p. (in Russian).
Chukanova, L.N. 1980. Entomophages of Diptera pests of vegetable cultures in conditions of Western Siberia. In: Pests and diseases of agricultural crops and its control. Scientific and technical bulletin 3(37). Novosibirsk: SibNIIZKhim, p. 23-28 (in Russian).
Dely-Draskovits A. Antomyiidae. In: Soos A., Papp L. & Oosterbroeck P. (Eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera 13, Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1993, p. 11-102.
Dzholova, N.G. 1965. Insect pests of vegetable crops in Baikal region. Moscow: Nauka, 80 p. (in Russian).
ElТberg, K.Yu. 1981. Antomyiidae. In: Narchuk, E.P. & Tryapitsyn, V.A., eds. Insects and mites - pests of agricultural plants. V. 4. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Leningrad: Nauka, p. 188-198 (in Russian).
Galakhov, P.N. 1958. Harmful entomofauna pf vegetable cultures in the Far North // Vestnik sel'skokhozyaistvennoi nauki 12: p. 150-151 (in Russian).
GolТtsberg, I.A. & Vasileva L.G. 1972. Types of annual course of moisture supply. In: GolТtsberg, I.A., ed. Agroclimatic atlas of the world. Moscow & Leningrad: Gidrometizdat, p. 27 (in Russian).
Gusev, G.V. 1959. Insect pests of field and vegetable cultures in Sakhalin. Zoologicheskii zhurnal 38(5): p. 702-712 (in Russian).
Iskakov, N.S. & Kabirova, L.V. 1980. Dipteran pests of cabbage in the Kustanai Region and factors limiting their number. In: Technology of cultivation and storage of potato and vegetables (collection of works). Alma-Ata: KazNIIKOKH, p. 148-151 (in Russian).
Kharchenko, N.N., Osipov, V.G., Kustova, A.I. et al. 1975. Pests and diseases of vegetable cultures. In: Dorozhkin, N.A., ed. Plant protection against pests, diseases, and weeds in Byelorussia. Recommendations. Minsk: Urozhai, 223 p. (in Russian).
Kulakov, L.F., Shchagin, N.I., & Babaev, V.G. 1969. Pests and diseases of agricultural crops in Tuva ASSR. Kyzyl: Tuva Publishing House, 62p. (in Russian).
Lizgunova, T.V. 1965. Cabbage. Leningrad: Kolos, 384 p. (in Russian).
Paderina, N.A. & Turaev, N.S. 1971. On the biology of the summer cabbage fly Delia floralis Fall. in Middle Ural. In: Materials of 15th scientific conference. Proceedings of Sverdlovsk agricultural institute, t.25. Sverdlovsk: p. 158-160 (in Russian).
Provorotova, G.M. 1977. Insect pests of cabbage in Krasnoyarsk Territory. In: Kulik, S.A., ed. Fauna and ecology of Eastern Siberia and the Far East. Irkutsk: Irkutsk University: p. 172-180 (in Russian).
Rogochaya, E.G. 1974. Antomyiidae. In: VasilТev, V.P., ed. Pests of agricultural crops and forest plantations. V.2. Kiev: Urozhai, p. 540-548 (in Russian).
Rubinshtein, E.S. 1972. Air temperatures total for the period above 10o. In: GolТtsberg, I.A., ed. Agroclimatic atlas of the world. Moscow & Leningrad: Gidrometizdat, p. 27 (in Russian).
Sazonov, A.P., Burov, V.N., Sundukova, N.E., Mokrousova, E.P., Kolesova, D.A., Zolotov, L.A., Voinyak, V.I., Pristavko, V.P., Chernii, A.M., Petrushova, N.I., Medvedeva, G.M., Matvievskii, A.S., Maksimova, V.I., Atanov, N.M. & Gummel, R.M. 1991.Technology of practical application of biologically active compounds in the IPM on fruit and vegetable cultures against pests (recommendations). Moscow: VASKHNIL, 32 p. (in Russian).
Semakov, V.V. 1964. The cabbage fly in Kamchatka. Zashchita rastenii 8: 48-49 (in Russian).
Semakov, V.V. 1972. Characteristic protection of white cabbage from cabbage fly larvae in conditions of the Kamchatka Region. In: Materials of 2nd conference of scientists and experts of Kamchatka. Petropavlovsk- Kamchatskii: Far East Publishing House, p. 85-90 (in Russian).
Semakov, V.V. 1972. On ecology of the summer cabbage fly in the Kamchatka Region. Ekologiya 5: p. 87-90 (in Russian).
Semenov, A.E. 1954. The cabbage fly and its control in conditions of Far North. Leningrad: SelТkhozgiz, 29 p. (in Russian).
Shapiro, I.D. 1958. Pests of vegetable crops. In: Kosov, V.V. & Polyakov, I.YA., eds. Forecast of appearance and survey of pests and diseases of agricultural crops. Moscow: MinselТkhoz, p. 520-548 (in Russian).
Stepanova, L.A. 1962. Experience of the ecological analysis of conditions of development of pests of cruciferous vegetable cultures in nature. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 41(4): p. 721-736 (in Russian).
Tanskii, V.I. & Dormidontova, G.N. 1980. Use of economic thresholds for insects in practice of plant protection. Methodical recommendations. Moscow: VASKHNIL, VIZR, 27 p. (in Russian).
Tanskii, V.I. 1985. Application of economic thresholds for the main pests of the primary agricultural crops (methodical instructions). Leningrad: VIZR, 27 p. (in Russian).
Tochenov, V.V., Markov, V.F., Belyaeva, L.I. et al., eds. 1984. Atlas of the USSR. Moscow: GUGK, 260 p. (in Russian).
Tsinitis, R.YA. 1970. Biological features of development of cabbage flies and their control. In: Materials of 7th Baltic meeting on plant protection (part 2). Pests of agricultural and forest plants and their control. Elgava: Latvian Ministry of Agriculture, p. 9- 12 (in Russian).
Vodinskaya, K. I. 1928. Materials on biology and ecology of cabbage flies Hylemyia brassicae Bouche and H. floralis Fallen. In: News of Applied Entomology Department, v. 3(2). Leningrad: State Institute of Experimental Agrochemistry: 229-250 (in Russian).
Vodinskaya, K. I. 1928. Materials on biology and ecology of cabbage flies Hylemyia brassicae Bouche and H. floralis Fallen. In: News of Applied Entomology Department, v. 3(2). Leningrad: State Institute of Experimental Agrochemistry: 229-250 (in Russian).
Yakhimovich, L.A. & Chesnokov, P.G. 1934. Special monitoring and accounts of pests and their damage to vegetables, melons and gourds in conditions of open ground. 1. Cruciferous vegetable cultures. In: Manual for the account of pests and their damage to vegetables, melons and gourds. Leningrad & Moscow: Sektor sluzhby ucheta OBV, p. 29-59 (in Russian).